User-centred design (UCD) often gets taught as a clear, structured process: speak to users, validate decisions, iterate, deliver. In an ideal world, everything flows neatly. But in reality? It very rarely works like that. Here, Opencast Senior Interaction Designer James Tabiner shares his perspective on what it means to practise UCD in the real world, especially in environments shaped by constraints like tight budgets, shifting deadlines, limited user access, or small teams. His core message: the real skill isn’t just doing UCD well; it’s knowing what to do when you can’t.